BACKGROUND Dementia represents a key health issue for older adults, with negative consequences on psycho-social and functional status. Treatments that counteract cognitive deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are needed to prevent or delay it. AIM To describe the experimental protocol of the STRENGTH Project. This study investigates a multimodal intervention in older adults with MCI to improve cognitive, functional, biochemical and psycho-social aspects. METHODS The prospective randomised controlled trial will enrol 300 subjects with MCI (age???60&nbsp;years). Participants will be randomly assigned to (a) the experimental group, which will undergo sessions of adapted tango, music therapy, engagement in social activities, cognitive intervention and psycho-education for 6&nbsp;months or (b) the control group, which will receive psycho-education and advice on healthy lifestyle for 6&nbsp;months. All outcomes will be analysed before intervention (baseline), immediately after termination (follow-up 1), after 6&nbsp;months (follow-up 2) and after 2&nbsp;years (follow-up 3). DISCUSSION We expect that the findings of this multidisciplinary study will be useful to optimize clinical and psycho-social interventions for improving cognitive and functional status of subjects with MCI. CONCLUSIONS This project could have a meaningful impact on National Health Systems by providing clues on multidisciplinary management of older adults affected by cognitive decline to prevent dementia.OBJECTIVES Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and Hispanic/Latinos (H/L) are affected disproportionately by type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and its complications due to a myriad of reasons. Lack of diabetes education has been identified as one risk factor for poorly controlled diabetes. For persons using insulin, poor insulin administration technique can be problematic. Previous studies done demonstrating this have not been inclusive of NHB and H/L populations. As a result, this study aimed to use semi-structured interviews to examine insulin pen technique and training experience in NHB and H/L inpatients with T2DM. DESIGN Semi-structured interviews comprised open- and close-ended questions, and prompts were conducted until reaching saturation in NHB and H/L inpatients with at least 3&nbsp;months of insulin pen use. Data was analyzed by two researchers who completed a thematic analysis. RESULTS Twenty semi-structured interviews were completed. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/b022.html Two major themes emerged from analysis included patients prefer the insulin pen to syringes and vials and most had a lack of formal pen technique teaching. CONCLUSION Although the insulin pen is a preferred modality of insulin delivery, this sampling of disparity patients demonstrates that insulin pen technique should be continually reassessed by health care providers as majority of the patients never had formal insulin pen teaching. Among those who did have training, they still made errors such as not priming the pen or shortened dwell time.INTRODUCTION African American women have much lower breastfeeding rates than other racial and ethnic groups in the USA. While researchers are beginning to explore contemporary factors contributing to this inequality, much less research has been devoted to the historical conditions that have contributed to these disparities. AIM The aim of this paper was to describe the social, economic, and political factors that have influenced African American breastfeeding behavior in the USA from the colonial era through the mid-twentieth century. METHODS A thematic analysis was conducted across multiple databases and sources. A social history framework, which focuses on the experiences of ordinary people and events, was used to identify and integrate themes found within the reviewed literature. RESULTS Three themes emerged (1) Labor forces and other socio-cultural factors affected feeding practices and communal caregiving; (2) history of supplementation; and (3) influence of medicalization of birth and mobility on infant feeding in the twentieth century. These themes illustrate how African American women's ability to breastfeed has been significantly constrained throughout the U.S. HISTORY Supplementation with non-human milk substitutes and communal caregiving helped African American women navigate infant rearing under adverse socioeconomic circumstances. CONCLUSIONS Social, political, and economic factors have contributed significantly to African American women's ability to breastfeed throughout the U.S. HISTORY Understanding the influences of historical antecedents on breastfeeding decisions over time may be key to finding effective interventions that might increase breastfeeding rates within this population.Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) is being utilized with increasing frequency in the characterization of salivary gland tumours. The potential scenarios which may be encountered by using this technique in routine practice will be outlined in further text by drawing from our own clinical experience. These include oncocytic mucoepidermoid carcinomas with unusual variant morphology (and negative MAML2 fluorescent in-situ hybridization results), a diagnosis of ameloblastoma changed to adenoid cystic carcinoma (due to MYBL1 fusion presence), a salivary duct carcinoma with an ETV6-NTRK3 fusion (otherwise seen in secretory carcinomas) and novel fusion partners such as EWSR1-BEND2 (otherwise seen in pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas). As NGS continues to develop and more widespread clinical implementation increases, we must be cognisant of the need for proper interpretation and in some cases verification using a secondary technique, the limitations of this technique, and the ethical dilemmas one faces when encountering a novel fusion.Based on evidence accumulated over the past three decades showing that noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma has an indolent clinical behavior and a RAS-like molecular profile similar to follicular adenoma, the Endocrine Pathology Society working group in 2016 proposed to rename this entity as "noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP)" in order to eliminate the term "carcinoma" from the diagnosis. It is a major evidence-based attempt initiated by an international group of endocrine pathologists to tackle the epidemic of thyroid cancer overdiagnosis and overtreatment. However, its creation and continuous existence are not without controversies. NIFTP has sparked a wave of follow up studies aiming to decipher the exact nature of this new entity. In this review, we summarize the rationale, diagnostic criteria, controversies and subsequent changes to the NIFTP concept, and their impact on patient care and pathology practice.